Kettleness Alum Works

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Alum production occurred at Kettleness from 1727 until 1871. This has radically altered the appearance of the area.

The original Alum house at beach level was destroyed by a huge landslide in 1829, what now appear to be cliffs are the face of the quarry where the sandstone over the shale has been removed.

The remains of the second alum house are on a flat area on the west side of the works, foundations remain and jet mines can be found under the platform which holds the building. The whole area is covered is loose blown shale where little grows.
Kettleness Alum Works  Kettleness Alum Works

The foundations of another building can be seen on the eastern edge of the site.

Kettleness Alum Works Kettleness Alum Works

To the south of the building are a number of steeping pits which are slowly being lost over the cliff edge.

Kettleness Alum Works Kettleness Alum Works Kettleness Alum Works

The remains of stone conduits used to transport liquids are also visible in the south east.
Kettleness Alum Works

To the north of the steeping pits is the top of a cistern, again collapsing over the cliff edge.

Kettleness Alum Works

There are a huge number of features around the site although they are often difficult to interpret due to being buried by the constantly shifting shale, they are however extensively covered in English Heritage survey AI/24/2003

Tunnel or Cistern at Kettleness Alum Works

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This structure was unearthed by the York University Cave and Pothole Club back in 2006. They called it a mine and while there are jet mines below the Alum House, this is at a much higher level.

Kettleness Alum Works Tunnel / CisternKettleness Alum Works Tunnel / CisternKettleness Alum Works Tunnel / Cistern

To me the construction looks more like some sort of storage tank and it appears to end with a wall rather than a collapse. Also the suspended wooden planks which would allow access above the liquid below.

Boulby Alum Works

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The easiest way to avoid a plummet down the cliffs is to approach from Boulby and continue straight on where the Cleveland Way turns sharply uphill.

The first remains to be encountered are the foundations of a reservoir, theres also a large metal tub, although I cannot say if its contemporary.

Boulby Alum Works Boulby Alum Works Boulby Alum Works metal container

Adjacent to this is a small length of tunnel which has collapsed a short way in.

Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Tunnel

All over the site are numerous smaller conduits that must have been used to move liquids around.

Boulby Alum Works Culvert Boulby Alum Works CulvertBoulby Alum Works Culvert

The path then passes directly between the bases of two circular cisterns.

Boulby Alum Works Cistern

Up towards the base of the cliffs the top of a short waterlogged tunnel can be seen to the right of a retaining wall, this only travels through the bank and appears to be for drainage.

Boulby Alum Works Retaining Wall and Cliff Boulby Alum Works Flooded Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Flooded Tunnel

The next area you come across is the series of huge stone retaining walls visible from the top of the cliffs on the Cleveland Way.

Boulby Alum Works Retaining Walls Boulby Alum Works Retaining Walls Boulby Alum Works Retaining Walls Boulby Alum Works Retaining Walls Boulby Alum Works Retaining Walls

Huge boulders from the cliffs litter the area above the works.

Boulby Alum Works Cliff Collapse

Two small tunnels can be seem running through the remains of the alum clamps where the stone was burnt for months on end, it has been suggested they were to aid the process.

Boulby Alum Works Tunnels Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Tunnel

Towards the edge of the cliff a tunnel runs around an area of an old landslip re-emerging some distance away, The regular blocks suggest some sort of trough or conduit was originally present.

Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Boulby Alum Works Tunnel

A smaller conduit joins the tunnel at one point, and somewhat mysteriously a pretty teapot sits in one corner.

Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Side Passage Boulby Alum Works Tunnel Teapot

Remains of burnt Jet shale, Cold Moor, Cringle Moor

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Between Cold Moor and Cringle Moor is a large bright red scar on a field.

Alum Shale Roasting Clamp Alum Shale Roasting Clamp

On closer inspection it appears to be a large amount of burnt shale, very different in colour to the dozens of shale tips in the area.

Roasted Alum Shale

Back in 2008 I originally thought this could be the remains of an Alum Clamp which was an early stage in the Alum making process,  or that it may just have caught fire naturally

In 2013 I came across a book which describes jet shale being burnt at Cringle Moor to provide material for road making.

About 50m up the slope there is a recent collapse in the ground which has since been covered. This was a collapse into jet workings associated with the burnt tips.

Recent collapse near Alum Shale Roasting Clamp Recent collapse near Alum Shale Roasting Clamp

Boulby Alum Tunnel

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Firstly if you intend to visit this site double check the tide tables before setting off,  to give yourself enough time to get there are back and avoid an air-sea rescue. The cliffs are also very unstable we heard numerous small rock falls and you don’t want to be underneath one.
There are numerous caves and what looks like the remains of a ships boiler on the the way around from Cowbar.
Boiler from a shipwreck ?
Boulby Cowbar Cave

The remains of the 17th Century Alum Tunnel were revealed by coastal erosion in the 1990s. Subsequent landslips and erosion are rapidly removing the tunnel at a rate of several feet per year, and its only a matter of time before a further landslips buries it, or its completely lost to the sea.

Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance
Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance
Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance

The left-hand tunnel is now eroded nearly all the way back to what looks like a wall, it appear to be built against this wall, rather than actually being a blocked entrance although I cannot be certain if there is another tunnel behind or not. The outside edge of the inner course of bricks has been recently exposed to reveal symbols (perhaps masons marks, or maybe even something to indicate the order of construction ?) A row of bricks is also visible under the tunnel base.
Boulby Alum Tunnel Marked Bricks
Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance
The right-hand tunnel is open and contains the remains of sleepers and rails as well as a large pile of washed in stones and debris.

Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance

Boulby Alum Tunnel washed in stones

Boulby Alum Tunnel Rails

Boulby Alum Tunnel Entrance
Shortly after the pile of debris the tunnel opens into a slightly wider area with a large room off to the right hand side.

Boulby Alum Tunnel Ledge
Boulby Alum Tunnel Side Room

At this point there is a very large roof collapse with a chasm open in the cliff above, knowing the instability of the cliffs I though it wise not to progress any further, despite the tunnel looking in good condition further on.
Tracks can be seen leading off into the distance after the collapse, they would presumably at some point connect with a shaft from the Alum Works at the cliff top.

Boulby Alum Tunnel Collapse
Boulby Alum Tunnel

For anyone intending visiting I cannot say enough times, always remember this site is extremely dangerous.